Topic: A practical investigation on the effects of Corporate Social Responsibility on social, environmental and financial performance of the mining sector in Zimbabwe 1. This paper on qualitative research methods must be critical and very argumentative (need to improve on this). Please use the academic argumentative style; claim supported by scholarly sources. 2. Include sampling aspect as well 3. Include, questionnaires in the appendices (for research instruments) 4. Support with at least 15 scholarly sources. 5. I have included information on qualitative data analysis for your information 6. Below is the research problem statement for your information as well. Research Problem Statement Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is now becoming a vital integral component of mainstream good business practices, especially in the mining segment, where the social, environmental and financial implications of operations are rooted firmly in the ground (Bester & Groenewald, 2021). In Zimbabwe, the mining sector has seen substantial growth over the past decade, contributing 60% of exports or foreign exchange earnings (Gochero & Boopen, 2020) and has become a significant national fiscal contributor, providing thousands of jobs (Malianga, 2018). However, the sector has faced increasing pressure as stakeholders have criticized the industry for social disruptions, environmental degradation and questionable ethical practices causing human rights problems (Nechena & Kurebwa, 2018). Scholars have shown that CSR and its disclosures improves reputational image of mining organisations (Le, 2023; Lu et al., 2019) but their implications on community perceptions and effects on societal, environmental and business performance remains an issue (Seloa & Ngole-Jeme, 2022). Leading to an increase in societal expectations for accountability and effective governance (Sahut et al., 2019). Such expectations include CSR that meet the needs of communities while balancing environmental and business performance (Eltweri, 2020; Gonçalves et al., 2023; Jahmane & Gaies, 2020) emanating from the stakeholder, institutional and triple bottom line theories (Masud et al., 2019). Though mining operations in Zimbabwe have made CSR efforts, the extent to which these efforts are addressing ecological, social, and monetary issues is a matter of discussion (Langton et al., 2024). This lack of knowledge poses questions about the real effect of CSR on these critical pillars in Zimbabwe’s extractive sector, where the legal and compliance to environment and implementation frameworks are often weak, and stakeholders’ perspectives are manifold and challenging, with CSR being viewed as expenses (Derila et al., 2020) in the midst of societal demands for accountability (Caroll, 2021). Hence, the effect of CSR to the sector’s performance is a problem or an issue as the sector grapples with the challenges of balancing societal and ecological obligations with business performance. Investigating the connection between CSR programs and societal, ecological and business performance is consequently critical besides fulfilling lawful and monetary obligations but to guarantee continuity (Aslaksen et al., 2021) and improved livelihoods of communities and workers (Devie et al., 2020; Fijałkowska et al., 2018). If the problem is not addressed, it remains uncertain to what extent CSR efforts are synchronized with wider objectives of sustainable growth and in the absence of a strong grasp of the CSR effects in the industry, there is a danger of perpetuating practices that might look sustainable on paper but fail to tackle the root issues facing the local economy and communities. The research will deliver empirical evidence and actionable recommendations, adding to the growing knowledge base on CSR performance in an unfolding mining landscape. The study will use quantitative statistical analysis to accomplish research objectives (Sileyew, 2019).
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